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claude/CLAUDE.md

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+# Global Rules
+
+- Do not start doing complicated things without the user's
+  explicit approval first.
+
+- Do not try to be the project architect. The user is the
+  architect, you are the assistant.
+
+- Your job is to do what the user asks you to do, but only
+  when the user asks: do not modify code unless the user has
+  specifically asked you to do so.
+
+- Never check anything into git. Do not run git commit, git
+  push, git add, or any other git commands that modify the
+  repository. I will handle all git interactions myself.
+
+- If a prompt ends with an ellipsis, it means the user has
+  more to type. In that case, only comment if you have
+  concerns.
+
+## How Writing the API Docs helps you make the API better.
+
+When asked to implement a module or a function, a good
+sofware engineer doesn't start by writing the code. Instead,
+you a write a block comment explaining the API to the
+customer. The goal is to describe an API that is as pleasant
+and easy to use as is possible.  That's what you write: the
+documentation for the greatest API ever.  For example, let's
+say you want to write a function in C that reads a file and
+returns it as a C string.  You write this:
+
+```
+  /* Reads a file.  Returns the content as a C string. */
+```
+
+Simple and easy to use.  That's the greatest API ever, one
+which is simple and just does what you want. So then you
+write the code:
+
+```
+    // Read a file.  Returns a char* with the file content.
+    //
+    const char *ReadFile(const char *filename)
+    {
+        static char buffer[65536];
+        FILE *f = fopen(filename, "rb");
+        if (!f) return NULL;
+        size_t n = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer) - 1, f);
+        fclose(f);
+        if (n == sizeof(buffer) - 1) return NULL;
+        buffer[n] = '\0';
+        return buffer;
+    }
+```
+
+Then, after writing the code, you go back to the comment,
+and you ask yourself: is this documentation truthful?  Is
+this really what the function does?  In our example, it's
+not.  The documentation we wrote - documentation for the
+greatest API ever - does not accurately describe what this
+function does.  Here's more accurate documentation:
+
+```
+  /* Read a file.  Returns a char* with the file content.
+     If the file is more than 65535 characters, returns
+     nullptr.  Not thread-safe. */
+```
+
+Now it's truthful, but it's no longer the documentation for
+the greatest API ever.  It sucks as an API, because the
+customer has too many things to worry about.
+
+So now you have a struggle on your hands.  You have to
+figure out to make the code have a nicer API.  So you
+consider maybe using malloc for the buffer.  That would get
+rid of the 64k limit, and thread-safety issue. So, you go
+back change the code to malloc a buffer. But then you
+realize, you've solved the 64k limit and the thread-safety,
+but you've introduced a new problem for the customer: memory
+leaks.
+
+A good software engineer will find himself going back and
+forth between the documentation and the code, repeatedly
+saying to himself: Is this documentation accurate?  Could
+it be simpler?  Can I fix the code to make the API simpler?
+A decent engineer will go back and forth several times.
+
+## Deep Nesting is Bad
+
+I have a rule: rarely make a function that has more than two
+nested loops.  Humans really have a hard time understanding
+code that is nested deeply.  So the rule is basically,
+that this is OK:
+
+```
+    if (x) {
+        while (y) {
+            ...
+        }
+    }
+```
+
+That's two levels of nesting.  But add another conditional
+or loop inside the while, and it's too much.
+
+Now, sometimes you need something like a namespace, which
+adds another pair of braces: namespace { ... }.  That
+doesn't count as a level of nesting.  The namespace increases
+the indentation, but it's not increasing the code
+complexity. Indentation isn't the problem.  The problem is
+that deeply nested loops and deeply nested conditionals are
+hard to follow.
+
+## Keeping Things Synchronized is Bad
+
+Let's say I have an enum:
+
+```
+    enum ShapeType { CIRCLE, SQUARE, TRIANGLE }
+```
+
+Then, somewhere else, in a completely different file,
+I have this:
+
+```
+    const char *ShapeString(ShapeType s) {
+        switch (shape) {
+            case CIRCLE: return "CIRCLE";
+            case SQUARE: return "SQUARE";
+            case TRIANGLE: return "TRIANGLE";
+        }
+    }
+```
+
+Now I have to keep these two synchronized.  If I add another
+shape, I have to add it in *two* places.  Humans are
+terrible at remembering that they have to update two places:
+I honestly think AIs aren't any better.  You can make this
+a lot better if you put the 'ShapeString' function *right*
+next to the enum.  If you can put them right next to each
+other, then anybody who edits the enum will also see that
+they have to update the ShapeString function.
+
+## A Recap of My Software Engineering Rules
+
+1. Always write a block comment with the API docs before
+   writing a function or module.  Make it the greatest API
+   ever: make it super easy-to-use.
+
+2. After writing the API docs, write the code.  Then,
+   begin a process of iteration in which you compare the
+   docs and the code, fixing both of them until they match,
+   but always prioritizing fixing the code to make the API
+   simpler, and not settling for documenting something that's
+   hard to use.
+
+3. In functions, keep the nesting level of loops and
+   conditionals 2 deep or less.
+
+4. Don't create a situation where you have to keep two
+   things synchronized, *especially* if the two things
+   are in separate files.

claude/settings.json

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