diff --git a/luprex/core/cpp/driver-ssl.cpp b/luprex/core/cpp/driver-ssl.cpp
index a4b6ffa6..b793282c 100644
--- a/luprex/core/cpp/driver-ssl.cpp
+++ b/luprex/core/cpp/driver-ssl.cpp
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ std::string errors_string(bool lastonly) {
         } else {
             err = err + ", " + reason;
         }
-        if (data != nullptr) {
+        if ((data != nullptr) && (data[0] != 0)) {
             err = err + " " + data;
         }
     }
diff --git a/luprex/core/cpp/http.cpp b/luprex/core/cpp/http.cpp
index 5db07712..291de5e2 100644
--- a/luprex/core/cpp/http.cpp
+++ b/luprex/core/cpp/http.cpp
@@ -186,21 +186,21 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-HttpOutRequest::HttpOutRequest() {
-    verify_certificate_ = true;
+HttpClientRequest::HttpClientRequest() {
+    verify_certificate_ = false;
     port_ = 0;
     request_id_ = 0;
     place_id_ = 0;
     thread_id_ = 0;
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::fail(string_view s) {
+void HttpClientRequest::fail(string_view s) {
     if (error_.empty()) {
         error_ = s;
     }
 }
 
-eng::string HttpOutRequest::target() const {
+eng::string HttpClientRequest::target() const {
     assert(check().empty());
     eng::ostringstream oss;
     oss << (verify_certificate_ ? "cert" : "nocert");
@@ -208,11 +208,11 @@ eng::string HttpOutRequest::target() const {
     return oss.str();
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_verify_certificate(bool flag) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_verify_certificate(bool flag) {
     verify_certificate_ = flag;
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_method(const eng::string &s) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_method(const eng::string &s) {
     eng::string method = util::ascii_toupper(s);
     if ((method != "GET") && (method != "HEAD")) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP method not implemented: ", method, ".",
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_method(const eng::string &s) {
     method_ = method;
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_host(const eng::string &s) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_host(const eng::string &s) {
     eng::string host = util::ascii_tolower(s);
     if (host.empty()) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP hostname cannot be empty string."));
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_host(const eng::string &s) {
     host_ = host;
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_port(int port) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_port(int port) {
     if ((port < 1) || (port > 65535)) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP port must be between 1 and 65535: ", port));
         return;
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_port(int port) {
     port_ = port;
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_path(string_view path) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_path(string_view path) {
     if (!sv::has_prefix(path, "/")) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP path must start with slash"));
         return;
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_path(string_view path) {
     path_ = path;
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_param(const eng::string &key, const eng::string &val) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_param(const eng::string &key, const eng::string &val) {
     if (params_.find(key) != params_.end()) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP url parameter specified twice: ", key));
         return;
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_param(const eng::string &key, const eng::string &val) {
     params_[key] = val;
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_url(string_view url) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_url(string_view url) {
     ParsedURL parsed_url(url);
     if (!parsed_url.valid) {
         fail(util::ss("syntactically invalid URL: ", url));
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_url(string_view url) {
     }
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_verify_certificate(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_verify_certificate(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     if (!LS.isboolean(val)) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP verify_certificate must be a boolean"));
         return;
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_verify_certificate(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     set_verify_certificate(LS.ckboolean(val));
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_method(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_method(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     if (!LS.isstring(val)) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP method must be a string"));
         return;
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_method(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     set_method(LS.ckstring(val));
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_host(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_host(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     if (!LS.isstring(val)) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP host must be a string"));
         return;
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_host(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     set_host(LS.ckstring(val));
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_port(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_port(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     if (!LS.isint(val)) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP port must be an int"));
         return;
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_port(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     set_port(LS.ckint(val));
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_path(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_path(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     if (!LS.isstring(val)) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP path must be a string"));
         return;
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_path(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     set_path(LS.ckstring(val));
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_param(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot key, LuaSlot val) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_param(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot key, LuaSlot val) {
     if (!LS.isstring(key)) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP url parameter key must be a string"));
         return;
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_param(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot key, LuaSlot val) {
     set_param(LS.ckstring(key), LS.ckstring(val));
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_params(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_params(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab) {
     if (!LS0.istable(tab)) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP params must be a table"));
         return;
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_params(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab) {
     }
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_url(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_url(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     if (!LS.isstring(val)) {
         fail(util::ss("HTTP url must be a string"));
         return;
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_url(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val) {
     set_url(LS.ckstring(val));
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_defaults() {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_defaults() {
     if (method_.empty()) {
         method_ = "GET";
     }
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_defaults() {
     }
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::set_config(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab) {
+void HttpClientRequest::set_config(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab) {
     LuaVar key, val;
     LuaStack LS(LS0.state(), key, val);
     LS.set(key, LuaNil);
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::set_config(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab) {
     }
 }
 
-eng::string HttpOutRequest::check() const {
+eng::string HttpClientRequest::check() const {
     if (!error_.empty()) {
         return error_;
     }
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ eng::string HttpOutRequest::check() const {
 }
 
 
-void HttpOutRequest::send_internal(StreamBuffer *sb, bool debug_string) const {
+void HttpClientRequest::send_internal(StreamBuffer *sb, bool debug_string) const {
     // If there's an error in the request, handle it.  In debug string mode,
     // we just put the error into the output.  In production mode, we assert
     // fail.
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::send_internal(StreamBuffer *sb, bool debug_string) const {
     }
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::serialize(StreamBuffer *sb) const {
+void HttpClientRequest::serialize(StreamBuffer *sb) const {
     sb->write_int64(request_id_);
     sb->write_int64(place_id_);
     sb->write_int64(thread_id_);
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ void HttpOutRequest::serialize(StreamBuffer *sb) const {
     }
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequest::deserialize(StreamBuffer *sb) {
+void HttpClientRequest::deserialize(StreamBuffer *sb) {
     request_id_ = sb->read_int64();
     place_id_ = sb->read_int64();
     thread_id_ = sb->read_int64();
@@ -520,39 +520,40 @@ void HttpOutRequest::deserialize(StreamBuffer *sb) {
     }
 }
 
-eng::string HttpOutRequest::DebugString() {
+eng::string HttpClientRequest::DebugString() {
     StreamBuffer sb;
     send_internal(&sb, true);
     return eng::string(sb.view());
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequestMap::serialize(StreamBuffer *sb) const {
+void HttpClientRequestMap::serialize(StreamBuffer *sb) const {
     sb->write_int32(size());
     for (const auto &pair : *this) {
         pair.second.serialize(sb);
     }
 }
 
-void HttpOutRequestMap::deserialize(StreamBuffer *sb) {
+void HttpClientRequestMap::deserialize(StreamBuffer *sb) {
     int32_t count = sb->read_int32();
     clear();
-    HttpOutRequest req;
+    HttpClientRequest req;
     for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
         req.deserialize(sb);
         (*this)[req.request_id()] = req;
     }
 }
 
-HttpInResponse::HttpInResponse() {
+HttpClientResponse::HttpClientResponse() {
+    request_id_ = 0;
     status_code_ = 0;
     response_length_ = 0;
     mime_type_ = "";
     content_length_ = -1;
 }
 
-eng::string HttpInResponse::DebugString() const {
+eng::string HttpClientResponse::DebugString() const {
     eng::ostringstream oss;
-    oss << "HttpInResponse:" << std::endl;
+    oss << "HttpClientResponse:" << std::endl;
     oss << "  status_code: " << status_code_ << std::endl;
     oss << "  error: " << error_ << std::endl;
     oss << "  content_length: " << content_length_ << std::endl;
@@ -565,7 +566,7 @@ eng::string HttpInResponse::DebugString() const {
     return oss.str();
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::fail(int code, string_view message) {
+void HttpClientResponse::fail(int code, string_view message) {
     status_code_ = code;
     error_ = message;
     mime_type_ = "";
@@ -573,7 +574,7 @@ void HttpInResponse::fail(int code, string_view message) {
     content_ = "";
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::incomplete(bool closed) {
+void HttpClientResponse::incomplete(bool closed) {
     if (closed) {
         fail(500, "internal server error: response truncated");
     } else {
@@ -581,11 +582,11 @@ void HttpInResponse::incomplete(bool closed) {
     }
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::parse_content_encoding(string_view value) {
+void HttpClientResponse::parse_content_encoding(string_view value) {
     content_encoding_ = util::ascii_tolower(value);
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::parse_content_length(string_view value) {
+void HttpClientResponse::parse_content_length(string_view value) {
     int64_t code = sv::to_int64(value);
     if ((code < 0) || (code > INT_MAX)) {
         fail(500, util::ss("internal server error: unparseable content-length: ", value));
@@ -593,7 +594,7 @@ void HttpInResponse::parse_content_length(string_view value) {
     content_length_ = code;
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::parse_content_type(string_view value) {
+void HttpClientResponse::parse_content_type(string_view value) {
     eng::string ctype = util::ascii_tolower(value);
     string_view ctview(ctype);
     mime_type_ = sv::trim(sv::read_to_sep(ctview, ';'));
@@ -613,15 +614,15 @@ void HttpInResponse::parse_content_type(string_view value) {
     }
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::parse_location(string_view value) {
+void HttpClientResponse::parse_location(string_view value) {
     location_ = url_decode(value);
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::parse_transfer_encoding(string_view value) {
+void HttpClientResponse::parse_transfer_encoding(string_view value) {
     transfer_encoding_ = util::ascii_tolower(value);
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::parse_header(string_view header, string_view value) {
+void HttpClientResponse::parse_header(string_view header, string_view value) {
     if (header == "content-encoding") {
         parse_content_encoding(value);
     } else if (header == "content-length") {
@@ -637,7 +638,7 @@ void HttpInResponse::parse_header(string_view header, string_view value) {
     }
 }
 
-bool HttpInResponse::parse_content_basic(std::string_view &view, bool closed) {
+bool HttpClientResponse::parse_content_basic(std::string_view &view, bool closed) {
     if (content_length_ >= 0) {
         if (content_length_ > MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH) {
             fail(413, util::ss("payload too large: luprex limit=", MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH));
@@ -662,7 +663,7 @@ bool HttpInResponse::parse_content_basic(std::string_view &view, bool closed) {
     return true;
 }
 
-bool HttpInResponse::parse_content_chunked(std::string_view &view, bool closed) {
+bool HttpClientResponse::parse_content_chunked(std::string_view &view, bool closed) {
     int64_t total_size = 0;
     std::vector<string_view> chunks;
     while (true) {
@@ -711,7 +712,7 @@ bool HttpInResponse::parse_content_chunked(std::string_view &view, bool closed)
     return true;
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::parse(const StreamBuffer *sb, bool closed) {
+void HttpClientResponse::parse(const StreamBuffer *sb, bool closed) {
     // We're not going to modify the StreamBuffer at all.
     // Instead, we work entirely on a view.
     string_view view = sb->view();
@@ -724,19 +725,26 @@ void HttpInResponse::parse(const StreamBuffer *sb, bool closed) {
     }
 
     // Parse the status line.
+    string_view protoversion = sv::read_to_space(status);
+    if (!sv::has_prefix(protoversion, "HTTP/")) {
+        fail(500, util::ss("internal server error: status line appears corrupt"));
+        return;
+    }
     string_view scode = sv::read_to_space(status);
     int64_t code = sv::to_int64(scode, 0);
     if ((code < 100) || (code > 599)) {
         fail(500, util::ss("internal server error: invalid response code: ", scode));
+        return;
     }
     status_code_ = code;
 
     // Responses outside the range 200-299 are errors,
     // and therefore must store an error message.
     if ((code < 200) || (code > 299)) {
-        error_ = status;
-        if (error_.empty()) {
-            fail(code, util::ss("error code ", code));
+        if (status.empty()) {
+            error_ = util::ss("error code ", code);
+        } else {
+            error_ = status;
         }
     }
 
@@ -829,7 +837,7 @@ void HttpInResponse::parse(const StreamBuffer *sb, bool closed) {
     }
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::store(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab) const {
+void HttpClientResponse::store(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab) const {
     LuaStack LS(LS0.state());
 
     LS.newtable(tab);
@@ -860,8 +868,8 @@ void HttpInResponse::store(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab) const {
     }
 }
 
-void HttpInResponse::store_fail(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot tab, int status_code, std::string_view error) {
-    HttpInResponse response;
+void HttpClientResponse::store_fail(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot tab, int status_code, std::string_view error) {
+    HttpClientResponse response;
     response.fail(status_code, error);
     response.store(LS, tab);
 }
@@ -912,7 +920,7 @@ LuaDefine(http_request, "request",
     LuaArg tab;
     LuaRet str;
     LuaStack LS(L, tab, str);
-    HttpOutRequest req;
+    HttpClientRequest req;
     req.set_config(LS, tab);
     req.set_defaults();
     eng::string error = req.check();
@@ -969,7 +977,7 @@ LuaDefine(http_response, "response",
     LuaArg text;
     LuaRet tab;
     LuaStack LS(L, text, tab);
-    HttpInResponse resp;
+    HttpClientResponse resp;
     StreamBuffer sb;
     sb.write_bytes(LS.ckstring(text));
     resp.parse(&sb, true);
diff --git a/luprex/core/cpp/http.hpp b/luprex/core/cpp/http.hpp
index c315cf49..bbf86404 100644
--- a/luprex/core/cpp/http.hpp
+++ b/luprex/core/cpp/http.hpp
@@ -19,10 +19,11 @@
 #include "wrap-map.hpp"
 #include "luastack.hpp"
 #include "streambuffer.hpp"
+#include "drivenengine.hpp"
 
 using UrlParameters = eng::map<eng::string, eng::string>;
 
-class HttpOutRequest : public eng::nevernew {    
+class HttpClientRequest : public eng::nevernew {    
 private:
     // Request IDs.
     int64_t request_id_;
@@ -59,14 +60,10 @@ private:
 public:
     // Construct an empty HTTP request.
     // All of the fields have empty values.
-    HttpOutRequest();
+    HttpClientRequest();
     
-    // Get the request IDs.
-    int64_t request_id() const { return request_id_; }
-    int64_t place_id() const { return place_id_; }
-    int64_t thread_id() const { return thread_id_; }
-
     // Get request-related fields.
+    //
     const eng::string &error() const { return error_; }
     bool verify_certificate() const { return verify_certificate_; }
     const eng::string &method() const { return method_; }
@@ -74,20 +71,13 @@ public:
     int port() const { return port_; }
     const eng::string &path() const { return path_; }
     
-    // Get the network target, eg, "cert:host:port"
-    eng::string target() const;
-
-    // Set the request IDs.
-    void set_request_id(int64_t request_id) { request_id_ = request_id; }
-    void set_place_id(int64_t place_id) { place_id_ = place_id; }
-    void set_thread_id(int64_t thread_id) { thread_id_ = thread_id; }
-    
-    // Populate an HTTP request a piece at a time.
+    // Populate an request-related fields one piece at a time.
     // If you pass an invalid value, or if the field is
     // already set, the routine will generate an error message
     // and store it in the error field.  In that case, the set
     // will not happen.  If there's already an error in the error
     // field, it will not be overwritten.
+    //
     void set_verify_certificate(bool flag);
     void set_method(const eng::string &method);
     void set_host(const eng::string &host);
@@ -96,7 +86,6 @@ public:
     void set_param(const eng::string &key, const eng::string &value);
     void set_url(std::string_view url);
  
-    // Same as above, but using Lua values.
     void set_verify_certificate(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val);
     void set_method(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val);
     void set_host(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val);
@@ -106,18 +95,29 @@ public:
     void set_params(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot tab);
     void set_url(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot val);
 
-    // Set default values for any fields that should have
-    // defaults.  This must be done after setting regular
-    // values.
+    // Set default values for method and port.
+    // This must be done after setting regular values.
     void set_defaults();
 
+    // Populate request-related fields from a Lua table.
+    void set_config(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab);
+
+    // Get or Set the request IDs.
+    // This class does just stores these.
+    int64_t request_id() const { return request_id_; }
+    int64_t place_id() const { return place_id_; }
+    int64_t thread_id() const { return thread_id_; }
+    void set_request_id(int64_t request_id) { request_id_ = request_id; }
+    void set_place_id(int64_t place_id) { place_id_ = place_id; }
+    void set_thread_id(int64_t thread_id) { thread_id_ = thread_id; }
+    
+    // Get the network target, eg, "cert:host:port"
+    eng::string target() const;
+
     // Verify that the request is error free and that
     // defaults have been set.
     eng::string check() const;
 
-    // Populate an HTTP request from a Lua table.
-    void set_config(LuaStack &LS0, LuaSlot tab);
-
     // Put the request into the stream, assuming HTTP/1.1
     void send(StreamBuffer *target) const { send_internal(target, false); }
 
@@ -129,14 +129,11 @@ public:
     eng::string DebugString();
 };
 
-class HttpOutRequestMap : public eng::map<int64_t, HttpOutRequest> {
-public:
-    void serialize(StreamBuffer *sb) const;
-    void deserialize(StreamBuffer *sb);
-};
-
-class HttpInResponse {
+class HttpClientResponse {
 private:
+    // The request ID.
+    int64_t request_id_;
+
     // The HTTP response status code.
     int status_code_;
 
@@ -198,7 +195,7 @@ public:
     const int64_t MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH = 1000000;
 
     // Construct a blank response.
-    HttpInResponse();
+    HttpClientResponse();
 
     // Store a result code and an error message, and clear the content.
     // This is generally used when the client detects an error,
@@ -209,7 +206,7 @@ public:
     // Parse the HTTP response.  The closed flag is to be set to true if the
     // remote has closed the connection.
     //
-    // If the request is incomplete, generates a 600 incomplete error. In that
+    // If the request is incomplete, generates a status code of zero. In that
     // case, loading more data from the server might improve the situation.
     //
     // Note that the response is not ever removed from the StreamBuffer, which
@@ -218,6 +215,14 @@ public:
     //
     void parse(const StreamBuffer *sb, bool closed);
 
+    // Return true if the response is complete.
+    bool complete() const { return status_code_ != 0; }
+
+    // Get or Set the request ID.
+    // This class does nothing with the request ID, it just stores it.
+    int64_t request_id() const { return request_id_; }
+    void set_request_id(int64_t v) { request_id_ = v; }
+    
     // Convert the HTTP response to a lua table.
     void store(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot tab) const;
 
@@ -228,4 +233,25 @@ public:
     static void store_fail(LuaStack &LS, LuaSlot tab, int status_code, std::string_view error);
 };
 
+class HttpClientRequestMap : public eng::map<int64_t, HttpClientRequest> {
+public:
+    void serialize(StreamBuffer *sb) const;
+    void deserialize(StreamBuffer *sb);
+};
+
+using HttpClientResponseVec = eng::vector<HttpClientResponse>;
+
+// This class associates an HTTP request to an actual communication
+// channel that is executing that request.
+
+class HttpClientChannel {
+public:
+    SharedChannel channel_;
+    int64_t parsed_bytes_;
+
+    HttpClientChannel() : parsed_bytes_(0) {}
+};
+
+using HttpClientChannelMap = eng::map<int64_t, HttpClientChannel>;
+
 #endif // HTTP_HPP
diff --git a/luprex/core/cpp/lpxserver.cpp b/luprex/core/cpp/lpxserver.cpp
index 6d5ae362..00971446 100644
--- a/luprex/core/cpp/lpxserver.cpp
+++ b/luprex/core/cpp/lpxserver.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ public:
     LuaConsole console_;
     ClientVector clients_;
     PrintChanneler print_channeler_;
+    HttpClientChannelMap http_client_channels_;
     int64_t admin_id_;
     Gui gui_;
 
@@ -201,6 +202,41 @@ public:
             while (handle_invocation(client));
         }
         util::remove_nullptrs(clients_);
+
+        // Look for new outgoing HTTP client requests.
+        for (const auto &pair : master_->http_requests()) {
+            const HttpClientRequest &request = pair.second;
+            HttpClientChannel &channel = http_client_channels_[request.request_id()];
+            if (channel.channel_ == nullptr) {
+                channel.channel_ = new_outgoing_channel(request.target());
+                channel.parsed_bytes_ = 0;
+                request.send(channel.channel_->out());
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Maintain existing outgoing HTTP client requests.
+        HttpClientResponseVec http_responses;
+        for (auto &pair : http_client_channels_) {
+            HttpClientChannel &htchan = pair.second;
+            Channel &channel = *htchan.channel_;
+            if (channel.closed() || (channel.in()->fill() > htchan.parsed_bytes_)) {
+                HttpClientResponse response;
+                if (!channel.error().empty()) {
+                    response.fail(503, util::ss("Service Unavailable: ", channel.error()));
+                } else {
+                    htchan.parsed_bytes_ = channel.in()->fill();
+                    response.parse(channel.in(), channel.closed());
+                }
+                if (response.complete()) {
+                    response.set_request_id(pair.first);
+                    http_responses.push_back(response);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        for (const HttpClientResponse &response : http_responses) {
+            http_client_channels_.erase(response.request_id());
+        }
+        master_->http_responses(http_responses);
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/luprex/core/cpp/world-accessor.cpp b/luprex/core/cpp/world-accessor.cpp
index 769fbeda..71adc8d1 100644
--- a/luprex/core/cpp/world-accessor.cpp
+++ b/luprex/core/cpp/world-accessor.cpp
@@ -532,14 +532,14 @@ LuaDefine(http_get, "request",
     LuaArg request;
     LuaRet response;
     LuaStack LS(L, request, response);
-    HttpOutRequest req;
+    HttpClientRequest req;
     
     // Parse the request and make sure it's valid.
     req.set_config(LS, request);
     req.set_defaults();
     eng::string error = req.check();
     if (!error.empty()) {
-        HttpInResponse::store_fail(LS, response, 400, util::ss("bad request: ", error));
+        HttpClientResponse::store_fail(LS, response, 400, util::ss("bad request: ", error));
         return LS.result();
     }
 
diff --git a/luprex/core/cpp/world-core.cpp b/luprex/core/cpp/world-core.cpp
index ee03bb03..7197a1b9 100644
--- a/luprex/core/cpp/world-core.cpp
+++ b/luprex/core/cpp/world-core.cpp
@@ -393,13 +393,13 @@ void World::update_source(const util::LuaSourceVec &source) {
     assert(stack_is_clear());
 }
 
-void World::http_response(int64_t request_id, const HttpInResponse &response) {
+void World::http_response(const HttpClientResponse &response) {
     // Find the request.
-    auto iter = http_requests_.find(request_id);
+    auto iter = http_requests_.find(response.request_id());
     if (iter == http_requests_.end()) {
         return;
     }
-    HttpOutRequest request = iter->second;
+    HttpClientRequest request = iter->second;
     http_requests_.erase(iter);
 
     // Get the place and thread as lua objects.
@@ -443,13 +443,18 @@ void World::http_response(int64_t request_id, const HttpInResponse &response) {
     run_scheduled_threads();
 }
 
+void World::http_responses(const HttpClientResponseVec &responses) {
+    for (const HttpClientResponse &response : responses) {
+        http_response(response);
+    }
+}
+
 void World::abort_all_http_requests(int status_code, std::string_view error) {
-    HttpInResponse abortresponse;
+    HttpClientResponse abortresponse;
     abortresponse.fail(status_code, error);
-    while (true) {
-        auto iter = http_requests_.begin();
-        if (iter == http_requests_.end()) break;
-        http_response(iter->second.request_id(), abortresponse);
+    while (!http_requests_.empty()) {
+        abortresponse.set_request_id(http_requests_.begin()->first);
+        http_response(abortresponse);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/luprex/core/cpp/world.hpp b/luprex/core/cpp/world.hpp
index 66ef47a1..fd6260b4 100644
--- a/luprex/core/cpp/world.hpp
+++ b/luprex/core/cpp/world.hpp
@@ -206,8 +206,9 @@ public:
     void update_source(const util::LuaSourceVec &source);
     
     // Supply an HTTP response to an outstanding HTTP request.
-    void http_response(int64_t request_id, const HttpInResponse &response);
-
+    void http_response(const HttpClientResponse &response);
+    void http_responses(const HttpClientResponseVec &responses);
+    
     // Abort all HTTP requests.  This is typically used after
     // reloading a world from a save-game.  The http requests that
     // were in progress are long-since dead.
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ public:
 
     // Get a table showing all outstanding HTTP requests.
     //
-    const HttpOutRequestMap &http_requests() const { return http_requests_; }
+    const HttpClientRequestMap &http_requests() const { return http_requests_; }
 
     // Serialize and deserialize.
     //
@@ -515,7 +516,7 @@ private:
     // Outstanding HTTP requests, indexed by request ID.
     // Authoritative models only.
     //
-    HttpOutRequestMap http_requests_;
+    HttpClientRequestMap http_requests_;
 
     // Serialized snapshot of world model.
     //